X and gamma reference radiation for calibrating dosemeters and doserate meters and for determining their response as a function of photon energy - Radiation characteristics and production methods

X and gamma reference radiation for calibrating dosemeters and doserate meters and for determining their response as a function of photon energy - Radiation characteristics and production methods

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1   Scope

This part of ISO 4037 specifies the characteristics and production methods of X and gamma reference radiation for calibrating protection-level dosemeters and rate dosemeters at Alr kerma rates from 10 μGy·h−1 to 10 Gy·h−1 and for determining their response as a function of photon energy. The methods for producing a group of reference radiations for a particular photon-energy range are described in four sections which define the characteristics of these radiations. The four groups of reference radiation are:
  1. a) in the energy range from about 7 keV to 250 keV, continuous filtered X radiation and the gamma radiation of americium-241 ;
  2. b) in the energy range 8 keV to 100 keV, fluorescence X radiation;
  3. c) in the energy range 600 keV to 1,3 MeV, gamma radiation emitted by radionuclides;
  4. d) in the energy range 4 MeV to 9 MeV, gamma radiation produced by reactors and accelerators.
These reference radiations should be selected from table 1.
Table 1 — List of X and gamma reference radiation and their mean energies
Fluorescence X radiation. mean energy Mean energy, filtered X radiation Gamma mean energy
Low Alr kerma rate series Narrow spectrum series Wide spectrum series High Alrr kerma rate series
1) When produced by protons of energy near the reaction theshold, see 7.1)
8,6 8,5 8   7,5  
9,9          
    12   13  
           
15,8   16      
17,5 17        
    20   20  
23,2   24      
25,3 26        
  30        
31          
    33      
37,4       37  
40,1     45    
           
  48 48      
49,1          
59,3 60   57 57 59,5 (241 Am)
    65      
68,8          
75,0     79    
98,4 87 83      
    100 104 102  
  109        
    118   122  
  149   137 146  
        147  
    164 173    
  185 208 208    
  211 250      
          662(137Cs)
1 173 and
1 333 (60Co)
4 440 (12C)
6 000 (Ti)
6 13011
16O* and 16N
8 500 (Ni)
Values In kiloelectronvoits