1 Scope
This part of ISO 11228 gives the recommended limits for whole-body
pushing and pulling. It provides guidance on the
assessment of risk factors considered important to manual pushing and
pulling, allowing the health risks for the working population
to be evaluated. The recommendations apply to the healthy adult working population
and provide reasonable protection to the majority of this population. These
guidelines are based on experimental studies of push/pull tasks and associated
levels of musculoskeletal loading, discomfort/pain, and endurance/fatigue.
Pushing and
pulling, as defined in this part of ISO 11228, is restricted to the
following:
-
— whole-body force exertions (i.e. while standing/walking);
-
— actions performed by one person (handling by two or more people is not part of the assessment, but some advice is given in Annex C);
-
— forces applied by two hands;
-
— forces used to move or restrain an object;
-
— forces applied in a smooth and controlled way;
-
— forces applied without the use of external support(s);
-
— forces applied on objects located in front of the operator;
-
— forces applied in an upright position (not sitting).
This part of ISO 11228 is intended to provide information for
designers, employers, employees and others involved in the design or redesign of
work, tasks, products and work organization.